water and brain

Water on the brain: Grey matter literally shrinks without hydration | Mail Online

Failing to drink enough water can make your grey matter shrink, making it harder to think, experts have warned.

Research shows that dehydration not only affects the size of the brain but also how it works.

Just 90 minutes of steady sweating can shrink the brain as much as a year of ageing, researchers believe.

Starved of water, the grey matter is also forced to work harder to process the same information.

Over days and weeks, lack of fluid could impact on performance at work and school - and on exam results. But there is no need to panic - because after a glass of water or two the brain quickly returns to normal.

A team of scientists from around the UK scanned the brains of teenagers after an hour and a half of cycling

Some exercised in three layers of sweat-inducing clothing - including a binliner worn next to the skin, a hooded chemical warfare suit and a track suit. Others were much more lightly clad in shorts and t-shirts.

Those who were wrapped up lost around 2lb in sweat - and their brain tissue had shrunk away from their skulls.

Researchers Matthew Kempton and Ulrich Ettinger, of the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London, said: 'We saw a general shrinking of the brain tissue.

'Fluid-filled cavities in the middle of the brain expanded and there was a corresponding shrinking of the brain tissue.

'The people who lost the most weight had the most shrinkage of the brain.'


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On average, the amount of shrinkage equated to 14 months of age-related wear and tear, or the withering away associated with two and a half months of Alzheimer's disease.

The sweaty students did just as well when asked to play a computer game that tests the ability to plan and solve problems.

But the scans showed they used more of their brains to do it, the journal Human Brain Mapping reports.

Ben McGannan, of the study's funders, water cooler firm Water for Work and Home, said: 'We strongly believed dehydration was an issue affecting students' performance but we sponsored this research to give us clear evidence